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A thesis by publication, also known as an essay thesis or an article thesis,〔 is a doctoral dissertation that, as opposed to a coherent monograph, is a collection of research articles with an introductory and a summary chapter. It comprises already-published journal articles, conference papers and book chapters, and occasional not yet published manuscripts. A thesis by publication is a form of compilation thesis (a term used in Nordic countries). A less common form of compilation thesis is an essay thesis, comprising previously unpublished independent essays.〔(Article theses and essay theses ), Turku School of Economics, Finland, October 2010.〕 Today, article theses are the standard format in natural, medical and engineering sciences, while in social and cultural sciences, for example in the Nordic countries, there is a strong but decreasing tradition to produce coherent monographs, or doctoral students may have a choice between monograph and compilation thesis.〔(About monographs and compilation theses ), University of Gothenburg, Sweden〕〔Niclas Hagen,(The compilation thesis as a genre and as a method ), 7 May 2011 blog, affiliated with Lund University, Sweden.〕 The thesis by publication format is chosen in cases where the student intends to first publish the thesis in parts in international journals. It often results in a higher number of publications during the doctoral studies than a monograph and may render in higher number of citations in other research publications; something that may be advantageous from research funding point of view and may facilitate readership appointment after the dissertation. A further reason for writing a compilation thesis is that some of the articles can be written together with other authors, which may be helpful especially for new doctoral students. A majority of the articles should be reviewed by referees outside the student’s own department, supplementing the audit carried out by the supervisory staff and dissertation opponent, thus assuring international standards.〔 The introductory or summary chapters of a thesis by publication should be written independently by the student. They should include an extensive annotated bibliography or literature review, placing the scope and results of the articles in the wider context of current state of the international research. They constitute a comprehensive summary of the appended papers, and should clarify the contribution of the doctoral student if the papers are written by several authors. They should not provide new results, but may provide synthesis of new conclusions by combining results from several of the papers. They may supplement the articles with a motivation of the chosen scope, research problems, objectives and methods, and a strengthening of the theoretical framework, analysis and conclusions, since the extent of the articles normally does not allow this kind of longer discussions.〔〔(Guidance on the structure of a compilation thesis ), Lund university, Faculty of engineering, Sweden. Last updated: 27 April 2011.〕〔(On the choice of thesis format and on writing the ”kappa” of a thesis of publication ) 〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thesis by publication」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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